Free Essays on The Free Press

â€Å"Burke said there were three homes in Parliament, yet in the reporters’ display there sat a fourth home more significant than they all. It's anything but a hyperbole, or a clever saying; it is an exacting fact†¦Printing, which comes essentially out of composing, I state frequently, is identical to majority rule government; design composing and popular government is inevitable†¦Whoever can talk, talking now for the entire country, turns into a force, a part of government, with unavoidable load in law making, in all demonstrations of power. It makes a difference not what rank he has, what revenuers or garnitures: interestingly, he have a tongue which others will listen to.† Since the development of the print machine the mass media’s impact on legislative issues has been difficult to downplay. Political hypotheses have been conceived and kicked the bucket in the range of time set apart by the advancement of what we currently call mass correspondence. In this time liberal majority rule government has gone to the front line as the essential hypothesis behind the frameworks of government currently utilized by most all western countries . Together majority rule government, mass correspondence, or broad communications, private enterprise, and the pioneering soul, which comes there from, have started the most quick time of development and creation throughout the entire existence of the world and probably the freest, generally open, and politicly authentic social orders ever to exist. In principle at that point, broad communications isn't just valuable to a law based open circle; it is very goal. All things considered, the world doesn't exist only in pri nciple, and hypothesis and reality regularly contrast. Today’s broad communications, as it has developed, contains numerous logical inconsistencies that ruin its capacity to give â€Å"equal access†¦to wellsprings of data and equivalent chances to take an interest in the discussions from which political choices properly flow.† Nonetheless, on the grounds that today’s broad communications exists in a free press condition the media is of incredible advantage to majority rule government. At the beginning of political hypothesis it was standard to be... Free Essays on The Free Press Free Essays on The Free Press â€Å"Burke said there were three bequests in Parliament, yet in the reporters’ display there sat a fourth home more significant than they all. It's anything but an interesting expression, or a clever saying; it is an exacting fact†¦Printing, which comes fundamentally out of composing, I state regularly, is identical to majority rule government; develop composing and vote based system is inevitable†¦Whoever can talk, talking now for the entire country, turns into a force, a part of government, with unavoidable load in law making, in all demonstrations of power. It makes a difference not what rank he has, what revenuers or garnitures: interestingly, he have a tongue which others will listen to.† Since the innovation of the print machine the mass media’s impact on legislative issues has been difficult to downplay. Political speculations have been conceived and kicked the bucket in the range of time set apart by the advancement of what we currently call mass correspondence. In this time liberal majority rule government has gone to the bleeding edge as the essential hypothesis behind the frameworks of government presently utilized by most all western countries . Together majority rule government, mass correspondence, or broad communications, private enterprise, and the pioneering soul, which comes there from, have started the most fast time of advancement and creation throughout the entire existence of the world and the absolute freest, generally open, and politicly real social orders ever to exist. In principle at that point, broad communications isn't just useful to a majority rule open circle; it is very objective. In any case, the world doesn't exist just in principl e, and hypothesis and reality frequently contrast. Today’s broad communications, as it has advanced, contains numerous logical inconsistencies that prevent its capacity to give â€Å"equal access†¦to wellsprings of data and equivalent chances to take an interest in the discussions from which political choices appropriately flow.† Nonetheless, in light of the fact that today’s broad communications exists in a free press condition the media is of incredible advantage to majority rules system. At the beginning of political hypothesis it was standard to be...

15 Figures of Speech to Color Your Characters

15 Figures of Speech to Color Your Characters 15 Figures of Speech to Color Your Characters 15 Figures of Speech to Color Your Characters By Mark Nichol Hyperboles can make striking pictures in readers’ minds when they read about characters in your works of fiction. By â€Å"figures of speech,† in any case, I don’t mean basically the contemporary procedures of illustration or metaphor. I allude, rather, to the traditional figures of historical background, orthography, grammar, and talk, which regularly have applications in both ordinary and exquisite language. I shared a rundown of logical terms some time back, yet here I present explicit gadgets (counting a portion of those I recorded previously) for proposing character qualities or suggesting vernacular by changing the spelling or type of words or the development of sentences. These procedures help pass on a character’s voice as well as character whether they’re highbrow or lowbrow, self important or unaffected, smooth or unintelligible: 1. Apheresis: elision at the leader of a word, for example, in ’gainst, (against), regularly to change graceful meter. 2. Apocope, or apocopation: elision at the tail of a word, for example, promotion (ad), for casual comfort, or th’ (the), to show vernacular. 3. Obsolescences: antiquated stating for nostalgic or scholarly impact, for example, â€Å"ye old antique shoppe†-type developments, or old words, for example, dight (enhance) or yclept (named). 4. Dissimulation: error of a word that includes smothering one of two examples of the r sound, as in the mistaken Febuary (February). 5. Ellipsis: oversight of suggested words, regardless of whether everyday, as in â€Å"He was the main individual (who) I saw,† or graceful, as in â€Å"Wrongs are engraved on marble; benefits (are engraved) on sand.† 6. Enallage: replacement for wonderful impact of a right type of a word with an off base structure, as in â€Å"Sure some catastrophe has befell.† 7. Epenthesis: inclusion of a consonant (called excrescence) or vowel (known as anaptyxis) into the center of a world, as in drawring (drawing), regularly to outline a speaker’s inadequate lingo. 8. Hyperbaton: transposition of words, as in â€Å"Happy is he who is simple.† 9. Mimesis: malapropisms and errors for diverting impact, as â€Å"very close veins† rather than â€Å"varicose veins.† 10. Paragoge: connection of a pointless postfix to a root word to demonstrate lingo, as in withouten (without), or to stress a cliché outside emphasize, as in an Italian person’s assumed tendency to end every English word with a vowel sound in a sentence like â€Å"He’s an exceptionally a rich-a man.† 11. Pleonasm: excess for scholarly impact, as in â€Å"He that has ears to hear, let him hear.† 12. Prosthesis: connection of a pointless prefix to a root word, as in â€Å"She were aborn before your time.† 13. Syneresis: collapsing of two syllables into one, as in regular withdrawal like I’ll (â€Å"I will†) or age-old structures like â€Å"Seest thou?† (â€Å"Do you see?†). 14. Syncope: elision of letters inside a word, as in e’en (even), to influence meter in verse or in any case imply an old style mood. 15. Timesis: addition of a word between the components of an open or shut compound, regardless of whether in contemporary slang (abso-frickin’-lutely) or old style utilization (â€Å"So new a formed robe.†) Need to improve your English in a short time a day? Get a membership and begin getting our composing tips and activities day by day! Continue learning! Peruse the Fiction Writing classification, check our well known posts, or pick a related post below:The Royal Order of Adjectives A While versus Awhile30 Words for Small Amounts

Blog Archive Ace the GMAT Essay No, Thanks! Â

Blog Archive Ace the GMAT Essay No, Thanks!   We all know that the GMAT essay is scored separately and that the schools don’t care as much about the essay score. We also know we have to write the essays first thing, before we get to the more important Quant and Verbal sections (or even IR), so we don’t want to use up too much brain-power on the essay. Still, we can’t just bomb this section; the schools do care about the essay  somewhat. So how do we do a good enough job without expending so much energy that we’re negatively affected during the multiple-choice portion of the test? We need to develop a template, an organizational framework on which to hang our writing. The template will not, of course, tell us exactly what to write. For that, we need the actual essay prompt, which we won’t see until we take the test. We can, however, determine how to organize the information ahead of time, as well as the general kinds of messages we need to convey at various points throughout. The template should tell us: how many paragraphs to use the primary purpose of each of those paragraphs the kinds of information that need to be conveyed in each paragraph The template will vary a little bit from person to person; the important thing is to have a consistent template for yourself that you’ve worked out  in advance of the official test. As a general rule, essays should have either four or five paragraphs total. The first paragraph is always the introduction, the last paragraph is always the conclusion, and the body (middle) paragraphs are for the examples we choose to use. Each paragraph should contain certain things; these are listed in the below sections. The information does not need to be presented in the given order below, though; just make sure that each paragraph does contain the necessary information in some sort of clear and logical order. In addition, the information listed below is the minimum necessary info; you can certainly add more where appropriate. Brainstorming First, read the essay prompt. It will look/feel just like the Critical Reasoning arguments we see on the Verbal portion of the test, so tackle it in the same way! The argument will most closely resemble Assumption Family arguments, so find the conclusion and make sure you understand how the author is trying to support his/her conclusion. Next, brainstorm any assumptions* that you can think of and jot these down (or type them into the essay response area). *Note: if you haven’t started studying CR Assumption Family questions yet, assumptions are  unstated  pieces of information that the author is assuming must be true in order to draw his/her conclusion. Next, articulate flaws. Any assumptions are automatically flaws, because the author hasn’t established that those assumptions are, in fact, true. You may also think of other flaws along the way. Finally, pick your two or three best flaws; these will form the basis of your essay. This whole process should take roughly 3 to 4 minutes. Many people find this the hardest part of writing an essay; you can practice by opening up the essay chapter of your Official Guide book and simply brainstorming for one essay prompt. Don’t write the whole essayâ€"just do the brainstorming portion once a day (only 5 minutes out of your day!) for a week or two and you’ll become much more skilled at this step. First Paragraph summarize the issue state a thesis acknowledge that the other side does have some merit introduce your examples 3 to 5 sentences total First, briefly summarize the conclusion of the given argument in one to two sentences. Make sure to write using  your own words (don’t simply quote the exact language from the essay prompt, though using the same word here or there is fine). The first paragraph should also contain a thesis statement. The thesis is typically one sentence and conveys to the reader your overall message or point for the essay that you wrote. For the argument essay, you can write most of your thesis sentence before you get to the test! You already know that the argument will contain flaws, and that you will be discussing how those flaws hurt the author’s conclusion. Guess what? That’s always your thesis! “While the argument does have some merit, there are several serious flaws which serve to undermine the validity of the author’s conclusion that XYZ.” DON’T USE THAT EXACT SENTENCE. They’re going to get suspicious if hundreds of people use the same sentence. (Besides, that’s my sentence. Come up with your own!) Note the opening clause: While the argument does have some merit. This is what’s called acknowledging the other side. We don’t say, Hey, your argument is completely terrible! There’s nothing good about it at all! We acknowledge that some parts may be okay, or some people may feel differently, but our position is that the flaws are the most important issue (that is, our thesis is the most important thing). Notice one other thing that I don’t say: I don’t say I think. I state my thesis as though it is fact and reasonable people  surely  agree with me. That’s a hallmark of a persuasive essay. Finally, the first paragraph needs to introduce whatever examples we’re going to use in the body paragraphs below. Don’t launch into the examples fully; that will come later. Do, though, mention the two or three flaws that you plan to discuss in the essay. Body Paragraphs Each flaw gets its own paragraph, so you’ll write either 2 or 3 body paragraphs of 4 to 6 sentences each. (I personally pick my 2 best flaws, so I write 2 body paragraphs. Remember, we just need to be good enough!) Your goal here is to support your thesis statement. In each paragraph: introduce one flaw (don’t repeat the exact language from the prompt) explain why it is a flaw (how does this make the conclusion less likely to be true?) suggest ways to fix the flaw (you’re fixing the flaw, not changing the conclusion; what could the author do to strengthen his/her argument? For example, let’s say that an argument claims that firing half of a company’s employees will help the company to reduce costs and therefore become more profitable. What’s the conclusion, what supports that conclusion, and what assumptions is the author making? While it’s certainly true that chopping half of your payroll will reduce costs, it doesn’t necessarily follow that the company will become more profitable! That loss of personnel may negatively impact revenues, reduce productivity, hurt morale of the remaining employees, and so on. The author is  assuming  that no such adverse effects will result from this action; that’s a flaw in his/her thinking. The author of such an argument could bolster the claim by, for example, presenting evidence that half of the employees are truly dead weight and firing them wouldn’t affect the company adversely. (Don’t worry about whether this is likely, whether such evidence actually exists, or even whether this is the best way to improve profitability. Your job is only to strengthen the author’s  existing  argument a little bit. If the author could actually produce evidence showing that there wouldn’t be adverse effects from such layoffs, then his conclusion would be strengthened. Period.) Conclusion Paragraph re-state your thesis (using new words) re-acknowledge the other side (using new words) briefly summarize how your examples supported your thesis (using new words) 3 to 4 sentences Are you noticing a theme within the above bullet points? Basically, the conclusion paragraph isn’t going to contain much new information. It’s a conclusion; the major points should already have been made earlier in the essay. What you’re doing now is tying everything together in one neat package: yes, the other side has some merit, but here’s my point-of-view and, by the way, I proved my case using examples X and Y. Before you go into the real test, you should have a fully developed template, so that all you have to do is come up with your two examples, and then hang your words onto your framework. This doesn’t mean pre-writing and memorizing actual sentences, but do know in general the kinds of points you want to make in each paragraph. Practice with the above as a starting point until you develop something with which you’re comfortable. Don’t forget to leave some time to proof your essay; it’s okay to have a few typos, but systematic errors will lower your score. Manhattan Prep is one of the world’s leading test prep providers. Every one of its instructors has a 99th percentile score on the GMAT and substantial teaching experience. The result? 18 years and thousands of satisfied students. By providing an outstanding curriculum and the highest-quality instructors in the industry, it empowers students to accomplish their goals. Manhattan Prep allows you to sit in on any of its live GMAT classesâ€"in person or onlineâ€"for free!  Check out a trial class today. Share ThisTweet GMAT

The Necessity Of Graduating From College - 2917 Words

The Necessity of Graduating from College Name Subject Teacher Date Abstract Having a college degree is definitely better than not having one because of the many good opportunities in life that a college degree can offer. Graduating from college means having the necessary means of protection against tough economic times because college degree holders can land a job better than others. A college degree is also a guarantee to the stability of one’s career. Moreover, it is a means of better job satisfaction, a better quality of life and better circumstances not related to the academe such as better social skills, wisdom and emotional maturity. Despite the fact that some people believe that a college degree is not necessary for financial success or that colleges have higher tuition fees now, there is no changing the fact that acquiring a college degree is still the much better choice. The Necessity of Graduating from College Life is already difficult but it is indeed more difficult if one has not graduated from college. Despite the rising cost of college education and the tough financial times, the best way to survive is still through a college degree. It is necessary for anyone to graduate from college because only a college diploma provides one with many opportunities in life. Protection against Tough Economic Times Firstly, a college degree is a protection against tough times. According to a report from Stanford University, â€Å"Those with aShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Higher Education745 Words   |  3 Pagestwelfth grade. Going to school for these years is now becoming a necessity, but now so is college too. In order to make a career for ones self it is necessary for them to attend a university, so wouldnt you say one needs college in order to make a career for yourself. Higher education is important because it can pave the path to a better economy and society, starting a career, and ensuring a better life, that is why going to college should be free. Education is one of the most important thingsRead MoreThe Inspiration For American Education961 Words   |  4 Pagesshe wishes she would have gone to college for a better education to support her children. Millions of men, women, and teenagers suffer each day because they do not have the adequate education for finding a qualifying job. Although many people have different excuses why they did not go to college, they have the same opportunities to earn at least a two-year college degree. Since community colleges and universities provide numerous ways to help students pay for college, all American students should wantRead MoreIs College Education A Tax Policy Program? Essay1635 Words   |  7 PagesGraduating from college is such a huge accomplishment in people’s lives. They have worked hard to earn their degrees, dealt with all those stress and struggles from the day to day challenges of college. After all those sleepless nights, they finally walk up to receive their diplomas and take in a big sigh. Everything in life will be better now. A college education is going to make their lives easier by taking all the previous burden away, leading them to establish themselves and save for the futureRead MoreCollege Is Worth It?852 Words   |  4 Pages College is a place where students learn what they want to be when they graduate and they use that knowledge they obtained from college to fulfill their dream by what they have studied, so hard for in college. Some p eople ask, â€Å"Is College worth it?† and the answer to that question is, â€Å"Yes.† A lot of people continue to disagree with that answer, but when it’s all said and done: college is worth it. That is why, there is still students that enroll into a 4-year college or a community college becauseRead MoreIs College A Lousy Investment? Essay1507 Words   |  7 Pages The debate on whether or not students should attend college after achieving a high school degree is one that many would like to consider two-sided; Debra Humphreys says that â€Å"going to college is clearly better than not going,† but Claire Potter mentions the opposite side, quoting an unnamed professor who says that â€Å"the vast majority of people who end up in our community college system don’t belong in college at all.† I would argue that the issue is not two-sided, and that there are more complexitiesRead MoreIs College Worth It?1425 Words   |  6 PagesImportance of a College Degree There is no simple answer to the question â€Å"Is College worth it?† Where some degrees pay for themselves while others simply do not. Many students are contemplating whether or not to take on huge student loans, because they are constantly told that college is the gateway to the middle class and the way to a secure and steady income. So the questions still on the mind is â€Å"Do the benefits of college still outweigh the costs?† I believe that although college brings heavyRead MoreEssay about Wallace Rhetorical Analysis1393 Words   |  6 Pageslivelihood of most life on Earth, it could be considered an â€Å"important reality.† In David Foster Wallace’s commencement speech, â€Å"This is Water† to the 2005 graduating class of Kenyon College, Wallace states that â€Å"the most obvious, ubiquitous, important realities are often the ones that are the hardest to see and talk about.† (Wallace) Despite the necessity for air, most take its b eautiful existence for granted. Wallace believes unawareness leads to unhappiness, and thus wants his audience to actively thinkRead MoreThe Necessity Of Computer Literacy1039 Words   |  5 PagesJohn Buckholt Professor Arnecia Patterson English 100 13 April 2015 The Necessity of Computer Literacy The common image of schools is students sitting in a classroom and learning how to read, write, and do math. However, the reality is that the classroom needs to be rapidly changing. In the 21st century schools are changing their curriculum in order to teach students the skills they will need once they leave school. Computer literacy is a skill required for most jobs nowadays and there are manyRead MoreThe Rising Cost of Higher Education Essay1209 Words   |  5 Pagesaid. The rising cost of college may put higher education out of reach for the average American. This paper will look into the reasons behind the steady rise in prices, the legitimacy of a college education, and why recent graduates are struggling to find jobs in this tough economy. A college education is now as necessary for success as a high school education was in the 1970’s according to the job industry. In 1970, only 40 percent of high school graduates went to college. Now 70 percent of highRead MoreCollege Is Not Important For College Education957 Words   |  4 Pages Recently, a lot of college students who are spending amount of money on school and after graduating they still can’t find a job, that make higher education background becomes a controversial question. Education background has become the focus of our current society, more and more people are beginning to be aware of the necessity of education and some people believed college degree is not important. As far as I am concerned, no matter in workplace, or in our social life, it is necessary for everyone

Keeping The Students Rights And School Policies

Strategies and Options Keeping the students’ rights and school policies in mind, once the whistleblower reports the information, the educator should invite the accused student to a private location together with another impartial faculty member present to discuss the situation. The educator would then inform the student that he or she has been accused of using his or her cellphone during the examination that day and would remind the student of the academic and school policies which clearly state that using devices, such as a cellphone, during the exam is strictly forbidden and provide the student with copies of the policies. The policies would be reviewed together and specific sections where prohibitions of cellphone use during examination are stated would be highlighted. Throughout this meeting, the student will have the opportunity to explain or defend him or herself against the accusation. After stating his or her justification, the student would be asked if he or she w ould allow the educator to look through her phone and check if it was used during the times of the exam. If the student gives permission and searching the phone proves that it was in use during the test, the consequences of his or her behavior would follow the institutions policy that is outlined and a formal hearing would be completed to determine the course of action and to ensure the student’s due process. The student would then be given a copy of the discipline counseling form (AppendixShow MoreRelatedControversy Over Students Fourth Amendment Rights1474 Words   |  6 Pages In recent years, schools have been increasingly subjected to weaponry, drugs, and violence. School officials are seeking ways to help maintain a safe environment for their students. The increase of violence has led to many cases of controversy over students’ Fourth Amendment rights. The Fourth Amendment prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures and requires a warrant to be presented and s upported by probable cause. The problem with this is that requiring school officials to bring in police andRead MoreRhode Island s Public Policy Guidelines Essay1562 Words   |  7 PagesIsland students are being outperformed by Massachusetts students on national tests. Although Rhode Island and Massachusetts spend about the same on public education per student. Differences are identified in the management of the schools and the degree of state influence. The main issues focused in this research will be on examining and determining if Rhode Island should adopt more of the management and governance models that Massachusetts uses, which could open the door for â€Å"empowered† schools in RhodeRead MoreThe Battle Of The Confederate Flag1174 Words   |  5 Pagesscene in school. By doing this some students may believe that their freedom of speech is being suppressed, but the law is on the side of the school districts when it comes to this issue. In Scott v. School Bd. of Alachua County two Florida students in 2003 were suspended from school for displaying images of the Confederate flag. Both students were told countless times to stop displaying this symbol. One student flew a Confederate flag on the antenna of his truck while the other student wore a T-shirtRead MoreEnroll in a Closed Campus Essay993 Words   |  4 Pagesthat the productivity as well as the safety of the school are increased. A closed campus, in Asian countries such as China and South Korea, are set up where walls are built around the college campus so that only students or faculty may enter the premises. The students of closed campuses probably have less stress and higher grades, thus higher productivity. Albeit students have more freedom to do whatever they wish to do on an open campus, students are developing a need to enroll in a college withRead MoreThe Issue Of Academic Dishonesty1416 Words   |  6 Pages academic dishonesty cases in every college and university have greatly multiplied and become a global issue. The issue on cheating behaviors in students is so pervasive and uncontrollable that it is almost considered as commonplace (Arhin Jones, 2009). One of the hardest challenges for educators is knowing how and when to discipline their students. In the given scenario, there are several issues to take into account; the first and foremost being the issue of academic dishonesty. â€Å"Academic dishonestyRead MoreThe Retention Of High Quality Teachers1469 Words   |  6 Pages Increased student achievement has been the focus of many school districts across the country in recent years. School districts must not only look at the current level of student achievement, but also consider what is necessary to increase achievement and how schools will afford it. The retention of high quality teachers is an extremely important part of the student achievement puzzle. Teacher retention includes not only keeping the teachers who are difficult or impossible to replace, but alsoRead MoreZero Tolerance Policy Review On The Us Education System1519 Words   |  7 PagesZero Tolerance Policy Review in the US Education System Over the past two decades the US schools have faced serious occurrences of violence. Accordingly, the prevention of school disruption and violence has evolved into an essential and crucial consideration. Beyond the avoidance of toxic violence, it is commonly agreed that on one hand teachers are not able to teach and on the other hand students are not able to learn in an educational institution portrayed by disturbance. A national survey conductedRead MoreIn Consideration of School Uniforms Essay1216 Words   |  5 PagesSchool Uniforms A group of small boys and girls all wearing the same colored school uniforms assembled in front of a catholic school is what I imagine when thinking about school uniforms. This is probably what most people imagine. They have been attached to students of European and private schools. Such pictures of students dressing in school uniforms have led to stereotyping and a negative attitude towards schools enforcing a uniform policy. Displayed as robots without the ability to expressRead MoreThe Family Educational Rights And Privacy1091 Words   |  5 PagesEducational Rights and Privacy (FERPA) (20 U.S.C.  § 1232g; 34 CFR Part 99), which is also referred to as the Buckley Amendment, was established in 1974. It is a Federal law, which protects the privacy of student records as well as provide provisions for educational institutions to follow in the handling of those records. According to the United States Department of Education, â€Å"The term education records is defined as those rec ords that contain information directly related to a student and whichRead MoreSchool Should Be A Safe Place For Children823 Words   |  4 PagesSchool should be a safe place for children: to learn, play, and make friends. Oklahoma City Public Schools Bullying, Harassment, and Discrimination District policy have been put into place for just that, to protect our children. This policy prohibits and does not tolerate bullying, harassment, or discrimination. Bullying is when someone is specifically picked on for their appearance, actions, religion, sexuality, race or sometimes for no reason at all. Bullying has been a part of school for as long

Historical And Cultural Background Of The Guyanese...

According to the Guyanese Statistic Bureau British Guiana (Guyana) consists of a rich historical and cultural background. It is a country which today is over 83,000 square miles in size with its capital located on the Demerara River. ‘British Guiana is located in northern South America, with approximately 90% of its square miles undeveloped and the vast majority of its inhabitants living along a ten-mile strip of the coast, this coastal area mainly inhabited by and containing the highest population of Creole speakers’(Holbrook 2001) . According to Holbrook, â€Å"The social situation in British Guiana is complex due to several factors, these being the colonial history of the country, the importation of African Slaves, the political history, and even government policies’. British Guiana’s population made up of indigenous American Indians, descendents of European colonizers, African Slaves, East Indians, Chinese and Indonesian indentured servants. All of which have all resulted in several languages being spoken within in this country; however the two which are most widely used are English and Guyanese Creole English which is a Creole language spoken by over 700,000 people. According to research done within the last five years, ‘this country is characterized as having a multiracial population with those of Indian decent representing 43% of the population, African decent over 30 %, Amerindians decent over 9% , and people of ‘mixed heritage’ rounding up at over 16%’ . However,

Cultural Anthropology and Important Documentary

Question: Discuss about the Cultural Anthropology and Important Documentary. Answer: Introduction Culture refers to the way of life which includes customs, language, mode of dressing, traditions, behavior, beliefs, knowledge, law, morals, art, other capabilities as well as the habits that man acquire as a member of the society. Culture is a concept of anthropology which encompasses the range of phenomena that are transmitted via social learning in human societies. Therefore, culture is what shapes us and gives us our identity. Cultural diversity refers to the quality of different and diverse ways of life. There are various fields of study in cultural diversity which includes; Material culture, for example, food and food customs, tools and weapons which include clothing, housing, and travel. There are different economic organizations in various cultures encompassing systems of production, consumption, and exchange (Eller, 2016). Different social organizations and institutions are differently structured across culture which includes family, marriage, age groups, kinship, and sex. T here are different political institutions and social control across all cultures. There is different worldview across cultures regarding; knowledge, behavior, religion and even magic. Communities have their unique language, art, and play. Cultural diversity is important since our country, workplace and schools consist of various cultural, racial and ethnic groups. Therefore, we can learn from one another through understanding our differences, collaboration, and cooperation to remove stereotypes and even personal biases towards different groups. Globalization, westernization, and civilization have shown to have adverse effects on various cultures (Eller, 2016). Throughout this literature, I will review and critically analyze two films shown during the semester that show various cultural diversity and dynamism. The chosen films are; Tokyo-Ga and Cannibal Tours. Tokyo-Ga The film Tokyo-Ga is a 1985 documentary in which Win Wenders goes on a journey to Japan in an unsuccessful quest for a vivid picture of the transcendent beauty he associates with the sacred films of Yasujiro Ozu but unfortunately soulless, routinized behavior through travelogue and ethnographic study of the Japanese people and their culture. Searching for the Tokyo as showed in the films of Yasujiro Ozu, Wenders travels to Japan to record the images of the city; highways, parks, traffic, trains, subways cemeteries, the pinball parlors, video arcades, taxi cabs and much more. Wenders visits actor Chishu Ryu who featured in many of Yasujiros films which explain to him the precise working methods used by film director Yasujiro. They both visit the grave of Yasujiro which is unmarked but contains the Chinese symbol that signifies nothingness.' Wanders goes to the rooftop of the golf driving range and to a factory that manufactures the realistic wax food displays which are found everywher e in the country. Wonders meets his fellow German filmmaker Herzog Werner on the top of the Tokyo Tower. Werner laments on the death of truth images in the world after he observes a group of Japanese teenagers who dresses like the 1950s greasers and also dance to the American rock n roll. Wenders talks to Yuharu Atsuta who used to be Ozus cameraman (Michael Fogerty, 2016). They discuss the technical details of Yasujiros simple shooting style and demonstrates by use of a specially designed low tripod. Through bookending the hall-horrified images, half-comical pictures of the modern mechanised Tokyo with mostly lengthy scenes from Yasujiros Tokyo Story (1953), Wenders can demonstrate that the people and the city portrayed in Yasujiros films may not be only long gone but they might never have existed altogether except in the mind and heart of Yasujiro. Wenders finds out that Ozus film on the integration of the Japanese family was just a mere attempts to create order out of the chaotic world. Wenderss analysis and critical evaluation of the transparent and vivid beauty in the Ozus films is deeply penetrating but his efforts to come up with a larger philosophical and sociological importance by contrasting the purity of Yasujiros images with the overload of junk and unwanted pictures of the current Tokyo that is filled with numerous neon lights and the many ever-showing flickering TV sets that show baseball and American films is not such a success. Therefore, Wenders believes that the American culture is increasingly poisoning the world and blames the erosion of the culture of Tokyo on the postwar westernization of Japan, peoples obsession with order and the availability of televisions which have easily digestible images but he fails to come up with an easy explanation of all this. The erosion of Japanese culture which made them unique and adorable by persons like Wenders, civilization, and westernization is seen through how the teens are dressed, dancing to the American ro ck n roll, modernization of Tokyo by putting various TV screens that always show Baseball and American Movies. The documentary shows that westernization, civilization, and globalization has led to the erosion of the beautiful culture that Yasujiro was so focused on preserving. Wenders states that reducing the cinema to its bare essentials, that is just a fixed camera, Ozu gives us the declined Japanese family and also the decrease of the national identity hence erosion of the Japanese culture which was seen through local food, native clothing, music and the simplicity of Tokyo. The Tokyo-Ga is a short documentary but so important. As stated above, it is the scouting trip Tokyo-Ga. It is a diary-like a film directed by Win Wenders on a trip to Japan to access the works of a prominent film director, Yasujiro Ozu but discovers how Tokyo has changed compared to how it was in the films by Ozu. Cannibal Tours Cannibal Tours is a documentary film by the Australian director and cinematographer, Dennis ORourke 1988. This anthropologic film shows how the civilized and the primitive people tried and struggled to understand and fully comprehend each others culture. This quasi-documentary film shows two different perspectives, one belonging to the tourists and the other belonging to the natives. Cannibal Tours documents a cruise ship tour to the region along River Sepik in Papua New Guinea. The ship sails to these parts of the world carrying European and American tourists who are in search of Primitive cultures. The film captures a cross-cultural miscommunication and misunderstanding as for the tourists and the host's clash and misunderstands each other. This instance is both comic as well as disturbing. The film shows these American and European eco-tourists traveling from one village to the other throughout the region along Sepik River in Papua New Guinea. The tourists are seen making hard bar gains for the local handcrafted items, taking pictures of every aspect of the primitive life of the natives and paying to view the practices and ceremonies that used to be sacred among the natives (Visual Anthropology, 2016). The film also highlights on the black and white photographs from the dreadful era of the German colonization of the New Guinea between 1880s-1914. The tourists through these behaviors reveal a pervasive and an unattractive ethnocentrism to ORourkes cameras. The tourists end up being dehumanized by the cameras, as they are busy exoticizing the most common aspect of the life of the Sepik River peoples way of life. ORourkes Cannibal Tours is a sophisticated and stunning documentary. The cameras snap, the tourist continues to bargain while the locals are just lamenting and complaining. This film shows how little the western understands their culture. Cannibal Tours, therefore, succeeds in being both charming and at the same time devastating which is a fantastic combination. As the film ends, it seems that both cultures are totally confused with each others culture. Cannibal Tours are made of two journeys. The first is the actual journey that is made by the wealthy European and the American eco-tourists on a luxury cruise ship along the mysterious Sepik River in Papua New Guinea. The second Journey is the real text of the film is a metaphysical one. It represents the attempt to discover the residence of the other in modern imagination. It shows how the civilized persons wish to encounter the primitive cultures. The film indicates that the tourists are disrespectful to the natives and how they are ignorant of the natives culture. The wealthy eco-tourists think that they are helping the residents economically, but they are not since they were bargaining and asking for lower prices. The tourists also disrespect the natives culture and their religion in the sense that they enter sacred places and also demand to be entertained using the sacred ceremonies. The residents give in to their demands since they are poor and need the money and other rewards being offered by these wealthy tourists. The title Cannibal Tours can also be interpreted based on the German tourist who describes the past practices of raiding cannibalism. This German tourist is much obsessed with cannibalism as he is consistently and aggressively asking the local Native men about this past practice and even taking pictures of the locations where the residents once practiced the headhunting as even the other tourists also try to discuss the symbolic interpretation of cannibalism. However, the plot of this documentary is to portray the rich American and European eco-tourists as the real cannibals who consume the entire world via their arrogance, primitive fantasies of the natives, acquisitiveness and also photography in that the cameras in the documentary double for the former colonial administrators guns. This documentary by ORourke Cannibal Tours, therefore, portrays the tourists as persons driven by bizarre beliefs, behaviors, ideas and even intentions. However, the natives are portrayed as reasonable regardless of the tourists opinion that natives culture is backward. The local people represents modernity while the western tourists represent guilty due to the irrational traits they attribute to the residents. The film reaches the climax where the western tourists appreciate the natives culture as seen when these tourists dance, prance and also assume boxing stance as the local music plays while their faces are painted like those of the native people. This kind of cultural tolerance and integration is what brings beauty to humanity through cultural integration. Conclusion Cultural diversity is an important aspect of humanity. The differences in political, economic, social and cultural ideologies and practices are what makes us unique (Eller, 2016). Differences in race and ethnicity should not divide us but unite us as we come together to share our varied ideas, beliefs, practices, and other cultural variations. As seen in the two films discussed above, Tokyo-Ga by Win Wenders and Cannibal Tours by Dennis ORourke various cultures especially in the developing countries are at risk of being eroded due to the effects of globalization, westernization, and civilization. Cultural tolerance should be promoted so as we can protect and preserve our identity. Wenders is not happy with the influence the West and America has on Tokyo since it has led to culture erosion in the name of civilization. ORourke is not pleased by how the European and American tourist views the culture of the natives of River Sepik in Papua New Guinea as backward and uncivilized. Therefor e, these two films encourage us to tolerate other peoples culture since cultural diversity gives us an identity. References Eller, J.D., 2016. Cultural anthropology: global forces, local lives. Routledge. Michael Fogerty. (2016). Tokyo-Ga (1985) important documentary (Y?haru Atsuta) . [Online Video]. 14 September 2016. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yvsIxNEH-cE. [Accessed: 25 April 2017]. Visual Anthropology. (2016). Cannibal Tours - 1988 - Dennis O'Rourke . [Online Video]. 4 September 2016. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KUQ_8wl93HM. [Accessed: 25 April 2017].